| Offset Printing |
High (e.g., printing plates, press setup) |
Low (e.g., paper, ink) |
Moderate to high (economical for large quantities) |
| Digital Printing |
Low (minimal setup costs) |
High (e.g., toner, paper) |
Moderate (cost-effective for short runs) |
| Flexography |
High (e.g., printing plates, dies) |
Moderate (e.g., ink, substrates) |
High (often used for large-scale packaging) |
| Gravure Printing |
Very high (e.g., printing cylinders, setup) |
Low (e.g., ink, paper) |
High (suitable for mass production) |
| Screen Printing |
Moderate (e.g., screens, setup) |
Moderate (e.g., ink, substrates) |
Moderate (versatile technique for specialty items) |
